The diagnosis of the patient can be improved by an accurate and speedy diagnosis of respiratory infections that results in prompt and appropriate therapy. Furthermore, it reduces the spread of these infections and avoids the need for unnecessary antimicrobial therapy. The difficulties in diagnosing viral and bacterial infections in the clinical setting are the main causes of the overprescription of antimicrobial agents for respiratory infections. Antibiotics are frequently overprescribed to ensure that a bacterial infection is not missed. In a previous study, antibiotics were prescribed to 506 out of 1000 participants, and 70% of these prescriptions were erroneous. Despite the fact that the majority of infections have viral causes, 1000 children receive 1287 prescriptions for antibiotics each year. Managing the spread of newly emerging treatmentresistant bacteria is a major concern due to the improper use of antibiotics as well as travel. The treatment of gram-positive, antibiotic-resistant respiratory infections. CARTIs have various etiologies, but they all present clinically similarly. As a result, their diagnosis is supported by pertinent laboratory testing. The routine detection of respiratory pathogens using traditional laboratory diagnostic techniques has several drawbacks. Routine cultures are slow, insensitive, and unable to quickly provide a microbiological result in our country during the initial acute phase of presentation. Immunochromatographic antigen tests and direct immunofluorescence assays are both capable of producing fast results. Molecular biology tests can be used to quickly identify a variety of bacterial and viral pathogenic organisms. Furthermore, they are trustworthy substitutes for other biological assays due to their high sensitivity and specificity. Each nation and each region has its own unique microbiology of the various causative agents. The frequency of viral agents compared to bacterial agents shares some similarities. Asian patients with CAP have a microbial contamination aetiology that is distinct from other regions for a variety of reasons. CARTIs continue to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality despite advances in our understanding of their aetiology and management.