Intensive care and resuscitation units specialize in the management of patients with life-threatening conditions and visceral failures. These include renal diseases and the cohort of complications and comorbidities that characterize them. The health care burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing. Indeed, Jonny J, et al. [2] found that the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in the ICU ranged from 6 to 70% of admissions. In an Australian study over a 7-year period including 476 ESRD patients, 20% required admission to an intensive care unit. These frequencies of renal diseases in the ICU are bound to evolve in proportion to the strong increase in renal diseases observed in the general population over the last 30 years, especially in low-income countries. Indeed, studies in 2012 and  in 2014 estimate that in 2030 more than 70% of CKD patients will live in low-income countries, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa